{"id":11959,"date":"2022-08-10T12:10:54","date_gmt":"2022-08-10T10:10:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/?post_type=encyclopedia&#038;p=11959"},"modified":"2022-08-10T12:25:21","modified_gmt":"2022-08-10T10:25:21","slug":"umma","status":"publish","type":"encyclopedia","link":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/umma\/","title":{"rendered":"umma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Arabul &bdquo;nemzet&rdquo; vagy &bdquo;k&ouml;z&ouml;ss&eacute;g&rdquo; [t.sz. <em>umam<\/em>] &ndash; A nemzetk&ouml;zi &bdquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/iszlam\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;megb&eacute;k&eacute;l&eacute;s&rdquo; Allah akarat&aacute;val vagy &bdquo;&ouml;nal&aacute;vet&eacute;s&rdquo; Allah akarat&aacute;nak &ndash;&nbsp;Az iszl&aacute;m vall&aacute;s &ouml;nmegnevez&eacute;se az aszlama = megb&eacute;k&eacute;lni, beh&oacute;dolni, &ouml;nmag&aacute;t al&aacute;vetni jelent&eacute;s&#369; ig&eacute;b&#337;l. Az iszl&aacute;m az i.sz. 7. sz. j&ouml;tt l&eacute;tre, alap&iacute;t&oacute;ja Mohamed (570-623), az iszl&aacute;m pr&oacute;f&eacute;t&aacute;ja, Allah k&uuml;ld&ouml;tte. Allah az &uuml;zeneteit a hetedik &eacute;gb&#337;l lek&uuml;ldte [nuzul] Dzsibr&iacute;l arkangyallal, hogy ledikt&aacute;lja Mohamednek, aki recit&aacute;lta &eacute;s h&iacute;veivel memoriz&aacute;lta&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">iszl&aacute;m<\/a> k&ouml;z&ouml;ss&eacute;gre&rdquo; [<em>ummat al-<a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/iszlam\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;megb&eacute;k&eacute;l&eacute;s&rdquo; Allah akarat&aacute;val vagy &bdquo;&ouml;nal&aacute;vet&eacute;s&rdquo; Allah akarat&aacute;nak &ndash;&nbsp;Az iszl&aacute;m vall&aacute;s &ouml;nmegnevez&eacute;se az aszlama = megb&eacute;k&eacute;lni, beh&oacute;dolni, &ouml;nmag&aacute;t al&aacute;vetni jelent&eacute;s&#369; ig&eacute;b&#337;l. Az iszl&aacute;m az i.sz. 7. sz. j&ouml;tt l&eacute;tre, alap&iacute;t&oacute;ja Mohamed (570-623), az iszl&aacute;m pr&oacute;f&eacute;t&aacute;ja, Allah k&uuml;ld&ouml;tte. Allah az &uuml;zeneteit a hetedik &eacute;gb&#337;l lek&uuml;ldte [nuzul] Dzsibr&iacute;l arkangyallal, hogy ledikt&aacute;lja Mohamednek, aki recit&aacute;lta &eacute;s h&iacute;veivel memoriz&aacute;lta&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">iszl&aacute;m<\/a><\/em>] vagy a &bdquo;h&iacute;v&#337;k k&ouml;z&ouml;ss&eacute;g&eacute;re&rdquo; [<em>ummat al-mumin&iacute;n<\/em>] utal&oacute; kifejez&eacute;s. A <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/koran\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;recit&aacute;lni, felolvasni, szavalni val&oacute;&rdquo; sz&ouml;veg [al-Qur'&aacute;n] &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;m szent&iacute;r&aacute;s&aacute;nak neve, c&iacute;me (Q 43:3 56:77 85:21 stb.), amit gyakran a &bdquo;nemes&rdquo; vagy &bdquo;kegyes&rdquo; jelz&#337;vel eg&eacute;sz&iacute;tenek ki [pl. al-Qur'&aacute;n al-Kar&iacute;m = a Kegyes Kor&aacute;n]. A Kor&aacute;n mint szent&iacute;r&aacute;s Allah &uuml;zenete, kinyilv&aacute;n&iacute;tott akarata. Mivel Allah &ouml;r&ouml;k, a szava is &ouml;r&ouml;k, &iacute;gy maga a Kor&aacute;n is &bdquo;teremtetlen&rdquo;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Kor&aacute;n<\/a> szerint ui. a muszlimok a &bdquo;legjobb k&ouml;z&ouml;ss&eacute;g&rdquo; [<em>khajra ummatin<\/em>], amely l&eacute;trej&ouml;tt az emberis&eacute;gben, mert megparancsolja, ami helyes, &eacute;s tiltja, ami helytelen (Q 3:110), &eacute;s &bdquo;egyetlen&rdquo;, azaz egys&eacute;ges k&ouml;z&ouml;ss&eacute;g (Q 23:52). (A sz&oacute; jelent&eacute;se nem &bdquo;orsz&aacute;g&rdquo;).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arabul \u201enemzet\u201d vagy \u201ek\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g\u201d [t.sz. umam] \u2013 A nemzetk\u00f6zi \u201eiszl\u00e1m k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gre\u201d [ummat al-iszl\u00e1m] vagy a \u201eh\u00edv\u0151k k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g\u00e9re\u201d [ummat al-mumin\u00edn] utal\u00f3 kifejez\u00e9s. A Kor\u00e1n szerint ui. a muszlimok a \u201elegjobb k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g\u201d [khajra ummatin], amely l\u00e9trej\u00f6tt az emberis\u00e9gben, mert megparancsolja, ami helyes, \u00e9s tiltja, ami helytelen (Q 3:110), \u00e9s \u201eegyetlen\u201d, azaz egys\u00e9ges k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g (Q 23:52). (A sz\u00f3 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"template":"","encyclopedia-tag":[],"class_list":["post-11959","encyclopedia","type-encyclopedia","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/11959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/encyclopedia"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/11959\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11964,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/11959\/revisions\/11964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-tag?post=11959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}