{"id":3841,"date":"2022-07-06T21:43:13","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T19:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/ibadita\/"},"modified":"2022-11-03T09:08:51","modified_gmt":"2022-11-03T08:08:51","slug":"ibadita","status":"publish","type":"encyclopedia","link":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/ibadita\/","title":{"rendered":"ib\u00e1da"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Arabul &bdquo;szolg&aacute;lat&rdquo; vagy &bdquo;odaad&aacute;s&rdquo; &ndash; Az <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/iszlam\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;megb&eacute;k&eacute;l&eacute;s&rdquo; Allah akarat&aacute;val vagy &bdquo;&ouml;nal&aacute;vet&eacute;s&rdquo; Allah akarat&aacute;nak &ndash;&nbsp;Az iszl&aacute;m vall&aacute;s &ouml;nmegnevez&eacute;se az aszlama = megb&eacute;k&eacute;lni, beh&oacute;dolni, &ouml;nmag&aacute;t al&aacute;vetni jelent&eacute;s&#369; ig&eacute;b&#337;l. Az iszl&aacute;m az i.sz. 7. sz. j&ouml;tt l&eacute;tre, alap&iacute;t&oacute;ja Mohamed (570-623), az iszl&aacute;m pr&oacute;f&eacute;t&aacute;ja, Allah k&uuml;ld&ouml;tte. Allah az &uuml;zeneteit a hetedik &eacute;gb&#337;l lek&uuml;ldte [nuzul] Dzsibr&iacute;l arkangyallal, hogy ledikt&aacute;lja Mohamednek, aki recit&aacute;lta &eacute;s h&iacute;veivel memoriz&aacute;lta&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">iszl&aacute;m<\/a> hit&eacute;let fontos kifejez&eacute;se, az <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/allah\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Az iszl&aacute;mban Isten szem&eacute;lyneve. Elterjedt n&eacute;zet szerint az All&aacute;h az arab al-il&aacute;h [&bdquo;az Isten&rdquo;] &ouml;sszeolvad&aacute;sa, de k&eacute;ts&eacute;ges, hogy a mekkai szent&eacute;ly 360 istene k&ouml;z&uuml;l az egyik neve &bdquo;azisten&rdquo; lett volna. M&aacute;s n&eacute;zet szerint a sz&iacute;r kereszt&eacute;nyek &aacute;ltal hirdetett All&aacute;h&aacute; (&bdquo;Isten&rdquo;) &aacute;tv&eacute;tele, ami megmagyar&aacute;zn&aacute;, hogy a mekkai istenek k&ouml;z&ouml;tt mi&eacute;rt csak Allahnak volt vil&aacute;gteremt&#337; funkci&oacute;ja: a&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Allah<\/a> parancsainak val&oacute; engedelmess&eacute;g [<em><a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/abd\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;(rab)szolga&rdquo; &ndash; Arab nevekben fordul el&#337; gyakran, pl. Abdallah = &bdquo;Allah szolg&aacute;ja&rdquo;, Abd al-Masz&iacute;h = &bdquo;Krisztus szolg&aacute;ja&rdquo; stb. V&ouml;. ib&aacute;da, ib&aacute;d&iacute;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">abd<\/a><\/em> = szolga] megjelen&eacute;se a magatart&aacute;s b&aacute;rmely ter&uuml;let&eacute;n. A t&ouml;bbes sz&aacute;m&uacute; alak [<em>ib&aacute;dat<\/em>] a vall&aacute;sjogban [<em><a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/fiqh\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;meg&eacute;rt&eacute;s&rdquo;, ti. a vall&aacute;sjogra vonatkoz&oacute;an &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;m vall&aacute;si jog vagy jogtudom&aacute;ny [usz&uacute;l al-fiqh] felfog&aacute;s&aacute;ban maga Allah a jogalkot&oacute;, az ember csak meg&eacute;rteni, felismerni tudja a jogforr&aacute;sban (Kor&aacute;n, szunna) tal&aacute;lhat&oacute; t&ouml;rv&eacute;nyt. A fiqh vall&aacute;si jog, ez&eacute;rt a hittudom&aacute;nyi k&eacute;pzetts&eacute;g a jogtudom&aacute;ny m&#369;vel&eacute;s&eacute;nek felt&eacute;tele. A sar&iacute;a eg&eacute;sz&eacute;nek &aacute;tfog&oacute; kutat&oacute;ja a vall&aacute;s- &eacute;s jogtud&oacute;s, az &aacute;lim.&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">fiqh<\/a><\/em>] az istenszolg&aacute;lati, ritu&aacute;lis t&ouml;rv&eacute;nyek gy&#369;jt&#337;neve is (bele tartozik pl. az <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/ot-piller\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Ld. ark&aacute;n ad-d&iacute;n\" class=\"encyclopedia\">&Ouml;t Pill&eacute;r<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>V&ouml;. <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/ibadi\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;szolg&aacute;l&oacute;&rdquo;, vsz. Abdall&aacute;h ibn Ib&aacute;d&iacute; nev&eacute;b&#337;l &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;m &uacute;n. harmadik, f&uuml;ggetlen &aacute;g&aacute;nak neve (a szunnita &eacute;s a s&iacute;ita mellett). T&ouml;rt&eacute;neti gy&ouml;kerei a 7. sz-i muszlim polg&aacute;rh&aacute;bor&uacute; idej&eacute;re ny&uacute;lnak vissza. A 657-es sziffini csata el&#337;tt sok muszlim nem akart d&ouml;nteni a szemben &aacute;ll&oacute; felek, Mu&aacute;v&iacute;jja &eacute;s Al&iacute; k&ouml;z&ouml;tt, hanem a polg&aacute;rh&aacute;bor&uacute;k el&#337;tti id&#337;szakot v&aacute;gyta&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">ib&aacute;d&iacute;<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-full-container\" style=\"position: fixed; inset: 0px; pointer-events: none; z-index: 2147483647; font-weight: 400;\">\n<div id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-rect-display\" style=\"display: none; position: absolute; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); outline: black solid 1px; font-size: 12px; z-index: 2147483647; justify-content: center; align-items: center; user-select: none; cursor: default; color: #000000; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; width: 0px; height: 0px;\">\n<pre style=\"flex: 1 1 0%; text-align: center; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); color: #000000; min-width: 42px; min-height: 12px; transition: all 1s ease 0s;\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<pre id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-coordinate-display\" style=\"position: absolute; display: none; background: #ffffff; font-size: 12px; line-height: 14px; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #222222 black #333333; border-style: solid; padding: 3px; z-index: 2147483647; color: #222222; user-select: none; cursor: default; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arabul \u201eszolg\u00e1lat\u201d vagy \u201eodaad\u00e1s\u201d \u2013 Az iszl\u00e1m hit\u00e9let fontos kifejez\u00e9se, az Allah parancsainak val\u00f3 engedelmess\u00e9g [abd = szolga] megjelen\u00e9se a magatart\u00e1s b\u00e1rmely ter\u00fclet\u00e9n. A t\u00f6bbes sz\u00e1m\u00fa alak [ib\u00e1dat] a vall\u00e1sjogban [fiqh] az istenszolg\u00e1lati, ritu\u00e1lis t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyek gy\u0171jt\u0151neve is (bele tartozik pl. az \u00d6t Pill\u00e9r). V\u00f6. ib\u00e1d\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"template":"","encyclopedia-tag":[],"class_list":["post-3841","encyclopedia","type-encyclopedia","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3841","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/encyclopedia"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3841\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14844,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3841\/revisions\/14844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3841"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-tag?post=3841"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}