{"id":3880,"date":"2022-07-06T21:43:14","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T19:43:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/al-qudsz\/"},"modified":"2022-09-02T11:41:09","modified_gmt":"2022-09-02T09:41:09","slug":"al-qudsz","status":"publish","type":"encyclopedia","link":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/al-qudsz\/","title":{"rendered":"al-Qudsz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Arabul &bdquo;A Szent (hely)&rdquo; &ndash; Jeruzs&aacute;lem arab neve a Kor&aacute;nban. Eredetileg ez volt a napi k&ouml;telez&#337; im&aacute;ds&aacute;gok ir&aacute;nya [<em><a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/qibla\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;ir&aacute;ny&rdquo; &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;mban az el&#337;&iacute;rt im&aacute;ds&aacute;gokat egy bizonyos ir&aacute;nyba n&eacute;zve &eacute;s leborulva kell v&eacute;gezni, &eacute;s az istentiszteleti helys&eacute;gek is ebbe az ir&aacute;nyba, azaz Mekka fel&eacute; vannak t&aacute;jolva. Mohamed idej&eacute;ben ez el&#337;sz&ouml;r Jeruzs&aacute;lem volt, a zsid&oacute;kkal val&oacute; konfliktusa ut&aacute;n a sz&uuml;l&#337;v&aacute;rosa, Mekka lett.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">qibla<\/a><\/em>]. K&eacute;s&#337;bb, <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/mohamed\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Muhammad ibn Abdullah (kb. 570-632). Arab keresked&#337;, majd vall&aacute;si, politikai, katonai vezet&#337;, az iszl&aacute;m pr&oacute;f&eacute;t&aacute;ja. Nev&eacute;nek jelent&eacute;se &bdquo;dics&eacute;retre m&eacute;lt&oacute;&rdquo;. A mai Sza&uacute;d-Ar&aacute;bia ter&uuml;let&eacute;n, Mekk&aacute;ban sz&uuml;letett, egy anyagi szempontb&oacute;l jelent&eacute;ktelen kl&aacute;n tagjak&eacute;nt. &Eacute;desapj&aacute;t (Abdullah, azaz &bdquo;Allah szolg&aacute;ja&rdquo;) m&eacute;g sz&uuml;let&eacute;se el&#337;tt vesztette el, &eacute;desanyj&aacute;t (Amina) hat&eacute;vesen, &iacute;gy anyai nagyb&aacute;tyja, Ab&uacute; T&aacute;lib nevelte. Az iszl&aacute;m pr&oacute;f&eacute;t&aacute;ja kb. 40&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Mohamed<\/a> medinai &eacute;letszakasz&aacute;ban, a zsid&oacute;kkal val&oacute; viszony megroml&aacute;sa ut&aacute;n lett <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/mekka\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul Makka, v&aacute;rosn&eacute;v, az iszl&aacute;m h&aacute;rom szent v&aacute;ros&aacute;nak egyike (v&ouml;. Medina &eacute;s Jeruzs&aacute;lem), ui. Mohamed sz&uuml;l&#337;v&aacute;rosa az ar&aacute;biai sivatagban, a ma Sza&uacute;d-Ar&aacute;bi&aacute;ban. B&aacute;r a v&aacute;rosr&oacute;l az iszl&aacute;m el&#337;tti korb&oacute;l nincs adat, az iszl&aacute;m hagyom&aacute;ny szerint a 7. sz&aacute;zad el&#337;tt a t&ouml;mj&eacute;n &uacute;ton tranzitv&aacute;ros volt, illetve id&#337;szakos zar&aacute;ndokhely a K&aacute;ba szent&eacute;ly k&ouml;r&uuml;l, Ramad&aacute;n h&oacute;napban. Mekka Mohamed&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Mekka<\/a> az el&#337;&iacute;rt ima ir&aacute;nya.<\/p>\n<div id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-full-container\" style=\"position: fixed; inset: 0px; pointer-events: none; z-index: 2147483647; font-weight: 400;\">\n<div id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-rect-display\" style=\"display: none; position: absolute; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); outline: black solid 1px; font-size: 12px; z-index: 2147483647; justify-content: center; align-items: center; user-select: none; cursor: default; color: #000000; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; width: 0px; height: 0px;\">\n<pre style=\"flex: 1 1 0%; text-align: center; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); color: #000000; min-width: 42px; min-height: 12px; transition: all 1s ease 0s;\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<pre id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-coordinate-display\" style=\"position: absolute; display: none; background: #ffffff; font-size: 12px; line-height: 14px; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #222222 black #333333; border-style: solid; padding: 3px; z-index: 2147483647; color: #222222; user-select: none; cursor: default; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arabul \u201eA Szent (hely)\u201d \u2013 Jeruzs\u00e1lem arab neve a Kor\u00e1nban. Eredetileg ez volt a napi k\u00f6telez\u0151 im\u00e1ds\u00e1gok ir\u00e1nya [qibla]. K\u00e9s\u0151bb, Mohamed medinai \u00e9letszakasz\u00e1ban, a zsid\u00f3kkal val\u00f3 viszony megroml\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n lett Mekka az el\u0151\u00edrt ima ir\u00e1nya.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"template":"","encyclopedia-tag":[],"class_list":["post-3880","encyclopedia","type-encyclopedia","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/encyclopedia"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3880\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12987,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3880\/revisions\/12987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-tag?post=3880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}