{"id":3970,"date":"2022-07-06T21:43:16","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T19:43:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/hanafi-hanafita\/"},"modified":"2022-07-27T18:18:02","modified_gmt":"2022-07-27T16:18:02","slug":"hanafi-hanafita","status":"publish","type":"encyclopedia","link":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/hanafi-hanafita\/","title":{"rendered":"hanaf\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/szunnita\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul szunn&iacute; &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;m legnagyobb &aacute;ga, amelybe a muszlimok kb. 85%-a tartozik (a m&aacute;sik k&eacute;t &aacute;g a s&iacute;ita &eacute;s az ib&aacute;d&iacute;). A n&eacute;v vsz. &bdquo;a pr&oacute;f&eacute;ta hagyom&aacute;nya&rdquo; [szunnat an-nab&iacute;], illetve &bdquo;a hagyom&aacute;ny n&eacute;pe&rdquo; [ahl asz-szunna] kifejez&eacute;sb&#337;l ered, amely a 7-8. muszlim polg&aacute;rh&aacute;bor&uacute;kt&oacute;l kezdve a s&iacute;it&aacute;kkal, kh&aacute;ridzsit&aacute;kkal &eacute;s m&aacute;sokkal szembeni t&ouml;bbs&eacute;gi identit&aacute;st jel&ouml;lte. Mohamed fi&uacute;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Szunnita<\/a> vall&aacute;sjogi iskola, m&aacute;s n&eacute;ven &bdquo;hanafita&rdquo;. A <em>hanaf&iacute;<\/em> <em><a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/madzhab\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;cselekv&eacute;si m&oacute;d&rdquo;, &aacute;tvitt &eacute;rtelemben &bdquo;vall&aacute;sjogi iskola&rdquo; [t.sz. madz&aacute;hib] &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;m vall&aacute;sjogban [fiqh] a sz&aacute;zadok sor&aacute;n sok vall&aacute;sjogi iskola j&ouml;tt l&eacute;tre &eacute;s t&#369;nt el, mindegyiket saj&aacute;tos m&oacute;dszertan jellemzi. A mai muszlimok &ndash; legal&aacute;bbis a 2004-es Ammani &Uuml;zenet egys&eacute;gmozgalm&aacute;nak al&aacute;&iacute;r&oacute;i &ndash; nyolc vall&aacute;sjogi iskol&aacute;t fogadnak el: a szunnita &aacute;ghoz tartozik a hanaf&iacute;, s&aacute;fi&iacute;, m&aacute;lik&iacute;, hanbal&iacute;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">madzhab<\/a><\/em> alap&iacute;t&oacute;ja Ab&uacute; Han&iacute;fa volt (megh. 767). Iskol&aacute;j&aacute;nak jellegzetess&eacute;ge a fenn&aacute;ll&oacute; gyakorlattal szembeni t&uuml;relem, a Kor&aacute;nra &eacute;s a j&oacute;zan &eacute;szre alapozott &eacute;rvel&eacute;s [<em><a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/raj\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;&eacute;rvel&eacute;s&rdquo; vagy &bdquo;j&oacute;zan &eacute;sz&rdquo; &ndash; A raj az iszl&aacute;m vall&aacute;sjogban [fiqh] a racion&aacute;lis &eacute;rvel&eacute;s vagy a j&oacute;zan &eacute;szre val&oacute; hivatkoz&aacute;s mind m&oacute;dszertani eszk&ouml;z csak korl&aacute;tozott m&eacute;rt&eacute;kben, vagy egy&aacute;ltal&aacute;n nem elfogadott. Ld. madzhab\" class=\"encyclopedia\">raj<\/a><\/em>], a konszenzus [<em><a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/idzsma\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;megegyez&eacute;s&rdquo; &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;m vall&aacute;sjogban [fiqh] a konszenzus mint sz&aacute;mos &eacute;s neves jogtud&oacute;s k&ouml;zmegegyez&eacute;se iskol&aacute;t&oacute;l [madzhab] f&uuml;gg&#337;en elfogadott. Mohamed iszl&aacute;m pr&oacute;f&eacute;ta t&ouml;bb had&iacute;sz szerint is kijelentette: &bdquo;Az &eacute;n umm&aacute;m sosem fog egyet&eacute;rteni t&eacute;ved&eacute;sben&rdquo;.\" class=\"encyclopedia\">idzsm&aacute;<\/a><\/em>] elfogad&aacute;sa, &eacute;s a had&iacute;szokkal szembeni szkepszis. Mai elterjedts&eacute;ge: T&ouml;r&ouml;korsz&aacute;g, Alb&aacute;nia, Libanon, Sz&iacute;ria, Nyugat-Irak, Egyiptom, volt szovjet k&ouml;zt&aacute;rsas&aacute;gok, Afganiszt&aacute;n, Pakiszt&aacute;n, &Eacute;szak-India.<\/p>\n<div id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-full-container\" style=\"position: fixed; inset: 0px; pointer-events: none; z-index: 2147483647; font-weight: 400;\">\n<div id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-rect-display\" style=\"display: none; position: absolute; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); outline: black solid 1px; font-size: 12px; z-index: 2147483647; justify-content: center; align-items: center; user-select: none; cursor: default; color: #000000; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; width: 0px; height: 0px;\">\n<pre style=\"flex: 1 1 0%; text-align: center; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); color: #000000; min-width: 42px; min-height: 12px; transition: all 1s ease 0s;\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<pre id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-coordinate-display\" style=\"position: absolute; display: none; background: #ffffff; font-size: 12px; line-height: 14px; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #222222 black #333333; border-style: solid; padding: 3px; z-index: 2147483647; color: #222222; user-select: none; cursor: default; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Szunnita vall\u00e1sjogi iskola, m\u00e1s n\u00e9ven \u201ehanafita\u201d. A hanaf\u00ed madzhab alap\u00edt\u00f3ja Ab\u00fa Han\u00edfa volt (megh. 767). Iskol\u00e1j\u00e1nak jellegzetess\u00e9ge a fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 gyakorlattal szembeni t\u00fcrelem, a Kor\u00e1nra \u00e9s a j\u00f3zan \u00e9szre alapozott \u00e9rvel\u00e9s [raj], a konszenzus [idzsm\u00e1] elfogad\u00e1sa, \u00e9s a had\u00edszokkal szembeni szkepszis. Mai elterjedts\u00e9ge: T\u00f6r\u00f6korsz\u00e1g, Alb\u00e1nia, Libanon, Sz\u00edria, Nyugat-Irak, Egyiptom, volt szovjet k\u00f6zt\u00e1rsas\u00e1gok, Afganiszt\u00e1n, Pakiszt\u00e1n, \u00c9szak-India.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"template":"","encyclopedia-tag":[],"class_list":["post-3970","encyclopedia","type-encyclopedia","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/encyclopedia"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3970\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10766,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/3970\/revisions\/10766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-tag?post=3970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}