{"id":4005,"date":"2022-07-06T21:43:18","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T19:43:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/umm-al-kitab\/"},"modified":"2022-07-30T17:59:34","modified_gmt":"2022-07-30T15:59:34","slug":"umm-al-kitab","status":"publish","type":"encyclopedia","link":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/umm-al-kitab\/","title":{"rendered":"umm al-kit\u00e1b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Arabul &bdquo;a k&ouml;nyv anyja&rdquo;, azaz forr&aacute;sa &ndash; Az <em>umm<\/em> jelent&eacute;se &bdquo;anya&rdquo;, &aacute;tvitt &eacute;rtelemben valaminek a &bdquo;forr&aacute;sa&rdquo; vagy &bdquo;k&ouml;zpontja&rdquo;, a <em>kit&aacute;b<\/em> jelent&eacute;se &bdquo;&iacute;r&aacute;s&rdquo; vagy &bdquo;k&ouml;nyv&rdquo;. Az <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/iszlam\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;megb&eacute;k&eacute;l&eacute;s&rdquo; Allah akarat&aacute;val vagy &bdquo;&ouml;nal&aacute;vet&eacute;s&rdquo; Allah akarat&aacute;nak &ndash;&nbsp;Az iszl&aacute;m vall&aacute;s &ouml;nmegnevez&eacute;se az aszlama = megb&eacute;k&eacute;lni, beh&oacute;dolni, &ouml;nmag&aacute;t al&aacute;vetni jelent&eacute;s&#369; ig&eacute;b&#337;l. Az iszl&aacute;m az i.sz. 7. sz. j&ouml;tt l&eacute;tre, alap&iacute;t&oacute;ja Mohamed (570-623), az iszl&aacute;m pr&oacute;f&eacute;t&aacute;ja, Allah k&uuml;ld&ouml;tte. Allah az &uuml;zeneteit a hetedik &eacute;gb&#337;l lek&uuml;ldte [nuzul] Dzsibr&iacute;l arkangyallal, hogy ledikt&aacute;lja Mohamednek, aki recit&aacute;lta &eacute;s h&iacute;veivel memoriz&aacute;lta&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">iszl&aacute;m<\/a> hittan szerint a <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/koran\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Arabul &bdquo;recit&aacute;lni, felolvasni, szavalni val&oacute;&rdquo; sz&ouml;veg [al-Qur'&aacute;n] &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;m szent&iacute;r&aacute;s&aacute;nak neve, c&iacute;me (Q 43:3 56:77 85:21 stb.), amit gyakran a &bdquo;nemes&rdquo; vagy &bdquo;kegyes&rdquo; jelz&#337;vel eg&eacute;sz&iacute;tenek ki [pl. al-Qur'&aacute;n al-Kar&iacute;m = a Kegyes Kor&aacute;n]. A Kor&aacute;n mint szent&iacute;r&aacute;s Allah &uuml;zenete, kinyilv&aacute;n&iacute;tott akarata. Mivel Allah &ouml;r&ouml;k, a szava is &ouml;r&ouml;k, &iacute;gy maga a Kor&aacute;n is &bdquo;teremtetlen&rdquo;&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Kor&aacute;n<\/a> mennyei forr&aacute;sb&oacute;l sz&aacute;rmazik. <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/allah\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Az iszl&aacute;mban Isten szem&eacute;lyneve. Elterjedt n&eacute;zet szerint az All&aacute;h az arab al-il&aacute;h [&bdquo;az Isten&rdquo;] &ouml;sszeolvad&aacute;sa, de k&eacute;ts&eacute;ges, hogy a mekkai szent&eacute;ly 360 istene k&ouml;z&uuml;l az egyik neve &bdquo;azisten&rdquo; lett volna. M&aacute;s n&eacute;zet szerint a sz&iacute;r kereszt&eacute;nyek &aacute;ltal hirdetett All&aacute;h&aacute; (&bdquo;Isten&rdquo;) &aacute;tv&eacute;tele, ami megmagyar&aacute;zn&aacute;, hogy a mekkai istenek k&ouml;z&ouml;tt mi&eacute;rt csak Allahnak volt vil&aacute;gteremt&#337; funkci&oacute;ja: a&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">Allah<\/a> a mennyei &bdquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/jol-orzott-tabla\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Az arab al-lauh al-mahf&uacute;z kifejez&eacute;s ford&iacute;t&aacute;sa &ndash; Az iszl&aacute;m hittan szerint a Kor&aacute;n mennyei forr&aacute;sb&oacute;l sz&aacute;rmazik, onnan lett &bdquo;lek&uuml;ldve&rdquo; [nuzul]. A k&ouml;nyv forr&aacute;sa [umm al-kit&aacute;b] a mennyei &bdquo;j&oacute;l &#337;rz&ouml;tt t&aacute;bla&rdquo; [al-lauh al-mahf&uacute;z] (Q 85:21-22), azaz a &bdquo;rejtett k&ouml;nyvben&rdquo; [f&iacute; kit&aacute;bin makn&uacute;n] (Q 56:77-78) lev&#337; &iacute;r&aacute;s, amely azonban nem csup&aacute;n a Kor&aacute;nt &eacute;s MOhamed &eacute;let&eacute;nek t&ouml;rt&eacute;n&eacute;seit,&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">j&oacute;l &#337;rz&ouml;tt t&aacute;bla<\/a>&rdquo; [<em>al-lauh al-mahf&uacute;z<\/em>] (Q 85:21-22) tartalm&aacute;t, a &bdquo;rejtett k&ouml;nyvben&rdquo; [<em>f&iacute; kit&aacute;bin makn&uacute;n<\/em>] (Q 56:77-78) lev&#337; &iacute;r&aacute;st &bdquo;k&uuml;ldte le&rdquo; k&uuml;ld&ouml;tteinek &eacute;s pr&oacute;f&eacute;t&aacute;inak, lapok vagy k&ouml;nyvek form&aacute;j&aacute;ban.<\/p>\n<p>V&ouml;. <a href=\"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/lexikon\/lekuldes\/\" target=\"_self\" title=\"Az arab nuzul sz&oacute; ford&iacute;t&aacute;sa &ndash;&nbsp;Az iszl&aacute;m tagadja a k&ouml;zvetlen isteni kinyilatkoztat&aacute;s lehet&#337;s&eacute;g&eacute;t (Q 42:51 de v&ouml;. 4:161). Allah &uuml;zenetei egy mennyei &bdquo;j&oacute;l &#337;rz&ouml;tt t&aacute;bl&aacute;n&rdquo; vannak, ez &bdquo;a k&ouml;nyv forr&aacute;sa&rdquo; [umm al-kit&aacute;b] (Q 43:4, 85:22, 56:77-81). Allah onnan &bdquo;k&uuml;ld&ouml;tt le&rdquo; lapokat vagy k&ouml;nyveket a pr&oacute;f&eacute;t&aacute;inak &eacute;s k&uuml;ld&ouml;tteinek, pl. &Aacute;d&aacute;mnak &eacute;s &Aacute;brah&aacute;mnak 10-10 lapot, m&iacute;g M&oacute;zesnek,&hellip;\" class=\"encyclopedia\">lek&uuml;ld&eacute;s<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-full-container\" style=\"position: fixed; inset: 0px; pointer-events: none; z-index: 2147483647; font-weight: 400;\">\n<div id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-rect-display\" style=\"display: none; position: absolute; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); outline: black solid 1px; font-size: 12px; z-index: 2147483647; justify-content: center; align-items: center; user-select: none; cursor: default; color: #000000; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; width: 0px; height: 0px;\">\n<pre style=\"flex: 1 1 0%; text-align: center; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7); color: #000000; min-width: 42px; min-height: 12px; transition: all 1s ease 0s;\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<pre id=\"mouseposition-extension-element-coordinate-display\" style=\"position: absolute; display: none; background: #ffffff; font-size: 12px; line-height: 14px; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #222222 black #333333; border-style: solid; padding: 3px; z-index: 2147483647; color: #222222; user-select: none; cursor: default; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\"><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arabul \u201ea k\u00f6nyv anyja\u201d, azaz forr\u00e1sa \u2013 Az umm jelent\u00e9se \u201eanya\u201d, \u00e1tvitt \u00e9rtelemben valaminek a \u201eforr\u00e1sa\u201d vagy \u201ek\u00f6zpontja\u201d, a kit\u00e1b jelent\u00e9se \u201e\u00edr\u00e1s\u201d vagy \u201ek\u00f6nyv\u201d. Az iszl\u00e1m hittan szerint a Kor\u00e1n mennyei forr\u00e1sb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmazik. Allah a mennyei \u201ej\u00f3l \u0151rz\u00f6tt t\u00e1bla\u201d [al-lauh al-mahf\u00faz] (Q 85:21-22) tartalm\u00e1t, a \u201erejtett k\u00f6nyvben\u201d [f\u00ed kit\u00e1bin makn\u00fan] (Q 56:77-78) lev\u0151 \u00edr\u00e1st \u201ek\u00fcldte &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"template":"","encyclopedia-tag":[],"class_list":["post-4005","encyclopedia","type-encyclopedia","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/4005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/encyclopedia"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/4005\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11053,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia\/4005\/revisions\/11053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"encyclopedia-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apologia.hu\/tudastar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/encyclopedia-tag?post=4005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}